

Callisto has an interest in instrumentation for making accurate noise figure measurements of very low noise cryogenic amplifiers operating in S-, X- and Ka-bands (see Callisto's CLNA page). The project is to investigate the possible use of FET noise sources for amplifier or receiver noise figure measurement. Callisto
The project will include the following activities:
· Investigation of techniques of amplifier/receiver noise figure measurement. Review of measurement techniques using noise diode sources and analysis of the critical performance limitations (including accuracy), determined by the nature of this noise source.
· Review of literature into FET based noise sources. Assembly information on the performance and characteristics of FET based noise sources.
· Investigate and suggest methods for using FET based noise sources for amplifier/receiver noise measurement in order to take best advantage of the characteristics of these devices. Critically compare diode based noise measurement methods with FET based measurement methods.
· Design a prototype FET noise source based on commercially available microwave FET devices to cover as wide a frequency band as possible (target 1-12 GHz). Build and test a prototype FET noise source.
· Conduct noise figure measurements on several low noise amplifiers available in the Callisto laboratory using a commercial noise diode source and the prototype FET based noise source.
This project would suit a student studying electronic engineering who has covered microwave theory and amplifier design as part of his course.
Suggested level BAC + 4. Duration 3 months +.
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